By: Ferdy Mawirampakel
Papua, a land rich in natural beauty and abundant cultural riches, has become the world’s spotlight because of the various dynamics that occur in the region. Prolonged conflicts, development challenges, and issues related to human rights have become major concerns both domestically and internationally.
The change in terms from Armed Criminal Group (KKB) or Terrorist Separatist Group (KST) to OPM is not just a cosmetic change in political discourse, but contains deep implications for handling the conflict in Papua.
This is a firm response from the TNI to the escalation of violence that continues to increase in the region, which often threatens the security of civilians and security forces. A number of parties welcomed this step with full support, considering it a necessary step in maintaining state sovereignty and upholding security in the Papua region.
However, there are also those who voice concerns and objections to this change in terms, considering the complex dynamics of the Papuan conflict and its potential impact on social and political stability in the region.
In this context, the decision of the Commander of the Indonesian National Army (TNI) General Agus Subiyanto to change the term used to refer to separatist groups in Papua to the Free Papua Organization (OPM) emerged as a hot topic in public discussion.
This decision was stated in an official Telegram letter with number STR 41/2024. Previously, the terms used to refer to separatist groups in Papua were Armed Criminal Group (KKB) or Terrorist Separatist Group (KST).
This change in terms is based on actual conditions occurring in the field, where the escalation of violence and tension is increasingly tapering. General Agus Subiyanto stated that this step was taken as a response to acts of violence carried out by what was previously known as KKB or KST.
Attacks on civilians, including teachers, health workers and security forces, were one of the main reasons behind this decision. In this context, the change in terms is not merely a semantic aspect, but reflects a change in strategy in responding to the security situation in Papua.
By using the term OPM, the TNI Commander is trying to provide a more precise picture and describe the essence of the armed groups operating in the Papua region. More than just a term, this change reflects seriousness in handling the conflict in Papua and maintaining state sovereignty.
This step by the TNI Commander received mixed responses from various parties. Most support this step as a necessary measure to deal with the escalation of violence in Papua. Dave Akbarshah Firkano Laksono, a DPR member from the Golkar faction, expressed his support for the TNI Commander’s move.
For him, protection of TNI soldiers on duty in the field is very important. With this change in terms, it is hoped that TNI soldiers can act with more certainty and be legally protected.
However, not all responses were positive. There are also those who highlight the implications of this change in terms for the dynamics of conflict in Papua. Sturman Panjaitan, a member of Commission I DPR RI, acknowledged that handling problems in Papua must be carried out firmly.
However, he emphasized the importance of unified vision and mission in this approach. The change in terms from KKB to OPM can give rise to different perceptions in handling the conflict. Sturman emphasized that whatever term is used, the most important thing is unity in responding to existing challenges.
This change in terminology also raises questions regarding its impact on TNI soldiers in the field. Although some parties welcomed this move as an effort to provide certainty to TNI soldiers, there were also concerns that this change in terms could increase tensions and risks in the field.
Chief of Army Staff (KSAD) General TNI Maruli Simanjuntak stated that the change in terms was aimed at reducing doubts by TNI soldiers when acting in the field. However, there are still challenges that must be faced in its implementation.
It is important to recognize that the Papua issue is not an easy matter to resolve. Conflict dynamics, social complexity and development challenges are part of the reality that must be faced with seriousness and caution. Steps such as changing the term from KKB to OPM by the TNI Commander is one of the many efforts made to deal with this problem.
However, one step will not be enough to solve this decades-old problem. A strong commitment is needed from all parties, including the government, TNI, Polri, civil society and related groups in Papua, to work together to find sustainable and inclusive solutions. Deep understanding, open dialogue and concrete action are the keys to effectively handling the dynamics of the Papuan issue.
Through joint efforts, it is hoped that Papua’s future will be bright, where peace, justice and progress can be enjoyed by all Papuan people. Only with unity and cooperation can we overcome existing challenges and create a better Papua for future generations.
*) Papuan Students Live in Medan