By: Abner Wanggai ) *
The planned transfer of the National Capital (IKN) is increasingly felt real . The transfer was not only to stimulate a new center of economic growth , but also to fulfill the ideological aspect of the nation, namely social justice for the community .
Efforts transfer of the capital city of the new is not a thing that is new . The issue of transfer of the capital city of New ‘ve been there since the time of President Sukarno to the future government of President S BY . Various regions are planned to become the location of a new capital city , but only become a discourse . It was only at the time of administration of President Jokowi, plan the transfer of the capital city of actually happening . Mrs. cities new to be built in the area of administrative district Penajam Paser Utara and Regency of Kutai Kartanegara , Province of East Kalimantan.
If you look at the historical context of Indonesia, the national capital of Indonesia once moved from Jakarta to Yogyakarta during the Dutch Military Aggression on September 29, 1945. On January 2, 1946 Sultan HB IX sent a courier to Jakarta and suggested that the capital of the Republic of Indonesia be moved to Yogyakarta so that on January 4 1946 Soekarno moves the country’s capital to Yogyakarta for the first time. Once that happens Aggression Military Netherlands II on 29 December 1948 that resulted in the fall of Yogyakarta as the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia to the hands of the Netherlands . Time passes , after aggression Netherlands ended the capital city of the country kem Bali to Jakarta.
Of course, the transfer of the capital cities new to the area of East Kalimantan is mostly in Penajam Pas e r North and partly again in Kutai Kartanegara not lah policies without no study up first , but passed a series of studies in-depth related to the plan are . The study is related to the economy , demography , social politics , defense and security , and so forth .
Looking at the geographical and population aspects , East Kalimantan according to BPS RI data as of 2018 has a number of villages of 156, with a population density of 105 people / square km (data as of March 2 , 2017). The total population in 2010 was around 3,553,143 (as of July 9 , 2012). The rate of growth of population per 21 November 2017, is the figure of 2.58% with Dependency Ratio in 2010 to 2030 amounted to 44.5% in the year 2020. Data as of 2013, to the estate there are a number of 116 companies in East Kalimantan with the number of workers working some 39 414 people .
In so s ial culture , people in Kutai Kartanegara divided on population original (which is composed of eight parts , namely Tribe Benuaq, Dayak Tunjung , Dayak Bahau , Dayak Modang , Dayak Kenyah , Dayak Punan and Dayak Kayan ) while resident immigrants consist of seven tribe ( tribe Banjar, Javanese , Bugis , Mandar, Madura, Buton and Timor).
From the corner of the topography , the area of Kutai Kartanegara most large undulating and hilly with slope ramps to steep . The area with the slope of the flat until the ramps are in some sections , namely the area beaches and local flow of the river Mahakam. On the territory of the inland and border on generally an area of mountains with altitudes between 500 to 2,000 m above the surface of the sea .
District Penajam Paser Utara is a regency youngest to two in East Kalimantan who was born in the year 2002 . PPU has four sub-districts , namely District of Penajam , Waru , Babulu and Sepaku .
The issue of financing p emindahan Capital City State (IKN) requires a budget that is very big around Rp 466 trillion . To facilitate the cost that such large then the strategy that made the government among others to facilitate other countries who want to come to invest to build IKN . Alternatives other is to sell or lease assets of state exist in Jakarta, such as the buildings of government .
Apart from various problems and obstacles were encountered , of course the transfer of the capital city to Borneo is also considered to be the solution the government in addressing the various issues that during this face .
The relocation of the new capital to Kalimantan, is considered to be the most free area from the threat of natural disasters . It is of course inversely inversely with area mother city now . Call it the flood disaster that is a subscription every year . Besides that , still the extent of land vacant in Borneo, can be a solution that does not happen density of population are high . Moreover, seeing the condition of the capital city now , the number of population reached 10 million inhabitants .
The density of population is certainly in line with the number of vehicles personally the entrance to the capital city . It is this which became the cause of congestion which every year experienced an increase . With the transfer of the capital cities new to Borneo could be a solution appropriate to reduce congestion . The transfer of the capital city , is expected to be followed by people who moved from Jakarta to the capital city of the new , so it can reduce the density and congestion .
Director Executive Public Transportation Indonesia (MTI) Deddy Herlambang said that from the side of transport , there are four things are important into the vision to the front for the sake of transportation that is safe , comfortable , congratulations , and friendly environment that can be applied in IKN new future .
First is non- moterized transport for pedestrians and peseda . Including also disability , the second is the transport of mass as k ereta rail electricity , mode of highway transportation , lane bus special or that kind . The third is a transport shuttle that can operate in a mall, office building , or campus which transports passengers to the terminal and the t erakhir is multiply vehicles feeder .
The relocation of the new capital city is also expected to encourage economic equality . Therefore , most major economies are absorbed in the island of Java . P emerataan economy will be in line with the equitable distribution of development which at the time is more concentrated on the island of Java .
By because it is , the removal of the capital city which is new , is expected to be a solution to overcome the problems that during this occurred in the capital city . Of course, it takes planning or strategies that mature in realizing the things that , in order to plan the transfer of the capital city of the new really could be a solution , not even add to the problem that already exist .
) * The author is a social political observer
